Should junk food be taxed more? What about food that damages the environment during its production? Is there an argument that, for example, methane produced by livestock, or the clearing of rainforest for farmland, should be offset by higher consumer prices?

The British government recently announced it was introducing a new sugar tax on the soft drinks industry to combat obesity. France introduced a similar tax in 2012. However, Denmark repealed its version of the tax in 2013, arguing that it had hurt the economy and been ineffective in changing eating habits (Danes seeking a sugar kick had apparently taken their business across the border to Sweden and Germany instead).

We had a comment from Martin, arguing that we don’t pay the real cost of food:

Image of a citizenMcDonald’s may be cheap, but we are not taking into account the environmental costs of farming to produce that burger or the health costs of fast food to national health systems. So, basically, you and me, and the 80 million poor Europeans, are subsidising that hamburgers so it costs €1 while everyone except the people at the top loses.

If the European agricultural policy were to subsidies agro-ecological farming and incorporate externalities into the price of food, perhaps food would be a little more expensive but countries would save vast amounts of money on healthcare that could be diverted into providing income for the poorest, farms would employ more people and middle men (i.e. vast corporations that pocket most of the profit) would see their profits reduced for the benefit of farmers that actually contribute greatly to the local economy.

To get a reaction, we spoke to Tassos Haniotis, Director of Economic Analysis at the European Commission, DG Agriculture. How would he respond to Martin?


Should unhealthy or environmentally harmful food cost more? Is Europe paying for cheap food prices through higher health taxation and insurance bills? Let us know your thoughts and comments in the form below, and we’ll take them to policymakers and experts for their reactions!



186 comments Post a commentcomment

What do YOU think?

  1. avatar
    Flavio

    I think States and the EU should not have the power to interfere in our life at this level. I’d love to see a EU Constitution that severely limits the areas that can be regulated and protects individual freedom.

  2. avatar
    Acsai György

    Define “unhealthy” first. Considering the ever-changing definitions of “healthy vs. unhealthy”, it would be quite a task. Not to mention the dissident views on this issue. Good luck. ☺

  3. avatar
    Bart Van Damme

    What is “unhealthy” and what is “environmentally harmful”? Some foodstuffs are healthy in one regard but unhealthy in another. Many foodstuffs are unhealthy if you eat to much of it, but are rather harmless when consumed only every now and then.

    And given the amount of variables in play, it is nearly impossible to determine what is environmentally harmful and what isn’t (or rather: what is harmful to a lesser degree). Changing the way we eat will not only change the way food is grown. It will not just impact the use of water. It will impact the use (and therefore production, transportation, and application) of pesticides and herbicides. It will impact harvesting, transport, conservation, even the way we cook and shop.

  4. avatar
    Jaime Oliveira

    Considering that alcohol is already being “extra”taxed (even though it can be quite healthy when consumed with moderation), doing the same with unhealthy food – loaded with sugar or saturates – shouldn’t even be a question: YES!

  5. avatar
    Carlos Em Lisboa

    And would should people eat who allready struggle to put daily food on the table and just can afford ” low cost ” products ?

    • avatar
      Joao

      So let’s destroy the entire planet so that the poorest people can eat something? That’s the same that saying that you have to go from Lisbon to Berlin by car, your gas tank only has capacity for half of the trip, but you won’t stop in the middle to refuel because you can’t loose time doing that…
      The issue is much more complicated than that, and giving low cost, unhealthy and ecological destructive food is for sure not the answer…

    • avatar
      Joao

      Individualism is very easy. But the environment is now property of individuals. And to produce the foods in questions the environment is being destroyed. So, I’m sorry, but no… each person cannot just decide for themselves in a subject that affect the entire humanity and Nature.

    • avatar
      Joao

      So let’s destroy the entire planet so that the poorest people can eat something? That’s the same that saying that you have to go from Lisbon to Berlin by car, your gas tank only has capacity for half of the trip, but you won’t stop in the middle to refuel because you can’t loose time doing that…
      The issue is much more complicated than that, and giving low cost, unhealthy and ecological destructive food is for sure not the answer…

  6. avatar
    Mike Chambers

    It would be difficult to enforce. We all remember the ‘Beef Lasagne’ scandal when it became obvious that in Europe people really don’t know where their food comes from….. also they don’t even know what is in their food. It is also difficult to decide what food is ‘unhealthy’. It sounds simple but try defining what food is ‘unhealthy’. Often it is just people’s diet that is unhealthy and not the food they eat.

  7. avatar
    Claudio Bartoletti

    food should not be denominated as food from the EU, but be more specific and state country of origin, but that would not suit mrs Merkel because the Made in Italy would have a massive advantage over her kraut country.

  8. avatar
    Enric Mestres Girbal

    Considering the actual poverty in Europe (thanks to the politians and the EU), people can ONLY BUY cheap food, regardless if its unhealthy or enviromentaly harmful.

  9. avatar
    Toni Muñiz

    Government should not be concerned wether to make food more expensive. They should be involved in regulating industry so all the unhealthy crap is eliminated from foods. Especially those known to be cancerous.

  10. avatar
    Julia Hadjikyriacou

    You can put health warnings on foods . Also help educate people. Teach calories, fat, label reading and how to calculate BMI in school. For the environment you need to regulate them direct. No silly fines that they pay with their billions in profits. Ban entry of their product to the EU, take away their licence or give them the biggest fine ever like 1 years gross income. Also I read that the taxpayer pays for the environmental cleanup-if that is true make the company pay.

  11. avatar
    ironworker

    The price of food should be proportionally with the number of franchises.

  12. avatar
    Rácz Tivadar

    The eu-citizens should know about all that industrial unhealthy food and simply avoid it. The problem would solve itself anyway.

  13. avatar
    Georgia Kanellopoulou

    Healthy food should cost less. Skyrocketing prices of vegetables ,milk is the main issue that needs to be addressed asap.

  14. avatar
    Rosy Forlenza

    why not simply ban it? or ban eating it in public places llike we do with cigarettes and fine and close down food production that is bad for the environment…why is this so difficult for well paid leaders to understand? If they are too stupid to understand ..sack them, if they are getting a hand out for not understanding…arrest them? Oh I forgot, the people in charge just like to be paid out of our pocket while making a little corporate career for themselves..unaccountable to no one!

  15. avatar
    Danny Boy

    Preaching on about raising the price of so called unhealthy food is all very well,but back down here in the real world to the ever increasing number of Europeans living below the poverty line this is the only kind of food they can afford.

  16. avatar
    catherine benning

    No…. Unhealthy and environmentally harmful food should be ‘banned.’

    Why on earth would this nonsense be allowed to pollute, rob and poison the citizens of Europe? That is absurd. Allowing this shameful produce to be sold to the citizens of Europe creates very costly scenarios, example health care on all levels, kidneys, liver, obesity and cancer. To name but a few. The tax you are considering imposing would be foisted on the innocent citizen who has no idea what this so called ‘food’ contains and additionally when they buy it are not told of its unhealthy elements. And you want ‘them’ to pay for ‘your’ lack of care? You cannot be serious!

    These products contain all kinds of chemicals, hormones, antibiotics and other additives not known to the public. Why would a responsible government not tell the producers to get lost and get rid of this shite from our table.

  17. avatar
    Tarquin Farquhar

    Hmmm, poor people can only afford cheap/unhealthy food as-is, do the meddling bureaucrats realise how difficult life is for the poor?

  18. avatar
    Ishar Wyrm

    I would do that, yes, and with that money, subsidize a little the healthier food.

  19. avatar
    Joseph Stack

    Nothing should be taxed at an EU level. It’s yet another case of the EU failing to recognise the vast difference in sizes of economy of the member states it claims to represent. No wonder the continent is ravaged with poverty and financial inequality, smaller states can’t compete with other member states following the same financial rules.

  20. avatar
    Rosy Forlenza

    yes, i think so. In the US and Australia , healthy food is very expensive so it is difficult for poorer families to eat properly. In Europe, we can still buy fresh veg and meat etc., and make a big stew without it costing the earth. The more that that is encouraged the better, higher taxes might also save all of the litter from these fast food places, clogging up waste bins and pavements.

  21. avatar
    Bódis Kata

    Should we shut down tax havens and use the recovered taxes for subsidizing heathier diet habits? ;)

  22. avatar
    Zita Klovaite-Haagensen Petitions

    With jungle food are coming jungle life. Rich and poor it is not like, but world have broken planet system. My CONCLUSION: Too many DICTATERS and SICK BUSINESS people all around world!

  23. avatar
    Magda Mortoglou

    No. Healthy food should cost less. What kind of tricky questions are these? Consumers of the world wake up!

  24. avatar
    Tobias Stricker

    The question is: what is unhealthy food? In public opinion is animal fat something unhealthy. In reality it is highly healthy. Contrary the “healthy” cereals are anything, but healthy. Even fruits are unhealthy in bigger quantities. We should start to teach the people factual health advice and not the bullshit of the “food pyramid” that let to a Tsunami of obesity and Diabetes around the world.

  25. avatar
    Λουκία Στέφανι

    You don’t realize how expensive is a “healthy” food??? Compare one kilo of Bio tomatoes and one of “normal” one…or apple or anything, then you will understand why we prefer unhealthy junk food…is easier to find and cost cheaper….so if you really care about people’s health, just decrease the prices for healthy food and you will see where was the real problem! Junk food is not the problem, is just the solution: I finish work at 19:00 and it takes one hour for being at home…will take another hour to prepare something to eat…the solution: a snack from the subway station…

    Stop proposing stupid solutions, just search the real problem!!

  26. avatar
    Marijus Stasiulis

    Police should arrest fat people and put them in prison for 20 years..
    Lets call this “War of Fat”.
    This is another “Just say no !” campaign..

  27. avatar
    Claudia Mealha

    No! That’s fascist! People are entitled to choose whatever thet want to eat or do, without penalties.

  28. avatar
    Σαντυ Μπαλμπαγάδη

    No.In Greece we eat spicy food like Gyros and Souvlaki.For us is food of the country.For the rest of Europe who knows.You will not tell us what we can or can not eat.You are so ridiculous.For everything you want to have an opinion.

  29. avatar
    Jaime Martins

    Nos países mais “pobres” o orçamento de algumas famílias apenas permite adquirir esse tipo de alimento, porque o queres taxar, é para que deixem de comer definitivamente?

  30. avatar
    Bart Vd B

    if cigarettes are heavily taxed because the smokers are a heavy burden to the public health system then why not apply the same rules to the unhealthy food? obviously if you had a good education system, people would know better and leave it or enjoy in moderation, so personally i’d invest in education

    07/11/2017 Xavier Prats Monne, Director General of Health & Food Safety at the European Commission, has responded to this comment.

  31. avatar
    Hr Tom Mosen

    why does everything have to be build on punishment? secoundly ..why is it possible to sell food that is proven to be unhealthy for humans.

  32. avatar
    Jean-Pierre Rosa

    Yes. Like tobacco and sugar though those taxes should be funneled towards healthcare. We all pay for your lung disease and diabetes people. Not interested in having degraded healthcare because of your bad choices.

  33. avatar
    Bódis Kata

    Yes, let’s tax unhealthy products and let’s start with weapons. I can’t imagine any product more harmful to health than weapons.

  34. avatar
    Faddi Zsolt

    We should expell the producers of unhealthy food from our countries. And we should expell spanish and moroccan tomatoes from my country, and chinese garlic and onion fom my country, because the farmers in my country have gone bankrupt, despite the fact that they produced much more healthier food what we can find nowadays in the shelves of the supermarkets. Ban those motherfuckers.

  35. avatar
    Dóris Cavalcanti

    Stop even thinking about increasing our taxes!!! What the hell with this idea about always ‘increase-create taxes’ to solve problems!!! We eat junk food because lack of time to cook since we already have to work so much to pay those insane high taxes!!!

  36. avatar
    eleni chryssomalakou

    If McDonald’s burger were to get more expensive, it would be developping countries’ farmers who would suffer the most.

  37. avatar
    Marijus Stasiulis

    Yes. Also fat people should be put in prison. Why?
    From obesity caused disease die more people, than from any legal or illegal drugs.

  38. avatar
    Nando Aidos

    First look into how they can make their food so cheap.
    Subsidies? High slave contents? Low salaries?
    And stop these shenanigans!
    But wait…
    http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/25/opinion/sunday/is-junk-food-really-cheaper.html
    or…
    http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/healthy-food-cheaper-uk-supermarkets-obesity-poor-diets-asda-tesco-study-iea-a7607461.html
    Ah, but these are not the EU… or soon not to be… so then the EU needs to learn something from these countries.

  39. avatar
    Nando Aidos

    First look into how they can make their food so cheap.
    Subsidies? High slave contents? Low salaries?
    And stop these shenanigans!
    But wait…
    http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/25/opinion/sunday/is-junk-food-really-cheaper.html
    or…
    http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/healthy-food-cheaper-uk-supermarkets-obesity-poor-diets-asda-tesco-study-iea-a7607461.html
    Ah, but these are not the EU… or soon not to be… so then the EU needs to learn something from these countries.

  40. avatar
    Blaz Bostjancic

    Sure, but it is still cheaper than healthy food. A kg of tomatos 2€, deep frozen pizza 1€, salad with dressing, 2€, high in fet and sugar sandweech 1,5€. Those who cannot afford healty food will eat junk and reas higpertension and diebetes. I thonk governments should provide more possabilutes to buy healthuer food.

  41. avatar
    Blaz Bostjancic

    Sure, but it is still cheaper than healthy food. A kg of tomatos 2€, deep frozen pizza 1€, salad with dressing, 2€, high in fet and sugar sandweech 1,5€. Those who cannot afford healty food will eat junk and reas higpertension and diebetes. I thonk governments should provide more possabilutes to buy healthuer food.

  42. avatar
    Bobi Dochev

    With about 100 million Europeans who live in poverty the last think the stupid EU politicians should do is to put more taxes on foods! The dream of the bureaucrats – more taxes! Why don’t you free the bio-foods from any taxes and made them cheep and adorable for more people instead?!

  43. avatar
    Lina Eli

    We should NOT tax healthy food instead, so that people can be healthy and we save money on medical expenses in the long-run.

  44. avatar
    Oli Lau

    Nope stay away from my dishes. Stop micromanaging people like an insane nanny

  45. avatar
    Renata Komninos

    It does not matter , just teach young people how to eat healthy food again, and dear mothers of Europe start cooking for your families again!!

  46. avatar
    Любомир Иванчев

    No. Every person is responsible for their own health. People should be encouraged to think more for themselves and inform themselves more. Neither the EU nor the national states should do the Europeans thinking for them.

  47. avatar
    Julia Hadjikyriacou

    Healthy food costs alot more, the EU wants to make animal flesh cost more and now wants to make unhealthy food cost more. The animal flesh industry and others are subsidised by taxpayers money (while the mega-rich avoid tax). Basically the EU wants to raise the cost of food all round while corporations increase their profit margin and fleece even more tax off the people. And people let you get away with it. Got a good little people fleecing system going on there.

    • avatar
      Ether Traveler

      Good point! 🙌
      They seem to have this tricky why of asking us and robe us from basic human rights (then blaming it on us for not paying attention to their NLP) – long time I do not bite in, anymore.

    • avatar
      Charles Vee

      Ok agreed… but healthy food and organic food costs double… where does that leave the consumer?

    • avatar
      Robert Grüner

      Charles Vee true. I thought the same after writing my post. Maybe subsidies the healthy food with the special tax on unhealthy food?

    • avatar
      Chalks Corriette

      I agree – the problem when you are on a low income is that you would love to do all the things people say are good for you. But the reality is, the roof over your head comes first – then you budget for other things with what is left. It would seem a better solution is to find ways to make “life” more cost accessable to everyone. There is also a large amount of education needed as some people just do not get what “eating better” means.

    • avatar
      Ovi Tamasan

      Amazon is already doing that, with the acquisition of Whole Foods.

    • avatar
      Jakub Seman

      *libertarianism intensifies*

  48. avatar
    Ivan Burrows

    This page is getting very authoritarian in its debating points, if Brussels follows through on these sorts of ideas to their predefined logical conclusions then the end will come soon rather than later for the EU.

    • avatar
      Arnout Posthumus

      so? We get more texas to help those in need of medical aid. Or in this case environmental problems and health. Because the consumer doesnt care but a nation has to care.

    • avatar
      Ether Traveler

      Arnout, put yourself the question: if a “nation” care that much, “why do they sell cigarettes”?
      Analytic/Critic Thinking Much? or has AI taken it over from you? 😉

  49. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  50. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  51. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  52. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  53. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  54. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  55. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  56. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  57. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  58. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  59. avatar
    Ether Traveler

    1. It’s funny to see how people take all the blame on them. Corporations have a laughter, would you?!

    2. No. It should NOT be produced in the first place, dhaaa?!

    3. If you really need to sell something, anyhow & anyway, do
    some common-sens, please?

  60. avatar
    Maria Ivone Melo Ferreira

    Wel, well, well …. we must be wise . Junk food is very bad but one ting is junk food , other the production. Be carefull, freedom is most important.

  61. avatar
    Zoltan Kiss

    Certainly it is not normal that healthy food costs at least twice of junk food. It should be the other way around.

  62. avatar
    Chris Pavlides

    Normally its should be banned completely! Its a criminal act trash to be transformed in to food.

  63. avatar
    Paweł Kunio

    Both yes. Government should dissuade people from eating unhealthy as well as should put back costly externalities on companies producin unecological products.

    • avatar
      Oleh Sniezko

      My suggestion is that Europe settle on the most ecologically sound staples that suffice to provide a person with all the nutrients he or she might need in a diet. Frankly a single daily meal plan should be devisable using sound scientific principles. Such a meal plan would maximize nutrients while minimizing inefficient variance from norm. There really is no reason to vary the plan. There is no reason for desert.

      A meal on day one should be identical to a meal on day two. I should add that the caloric content of the meal should be strictly regulated. Evidence shows that under-nutrition extends life by slowing down metabolism. The caloric intake should be slightly below “optimum”. A healthy society is a hungry society.

      It frustrates me that Europeans are permitted to, and even encouraged to travel. Travel is wasteful of resources, and damages the environment. The most enviornmentally sound approach to living involves staying in the house. Even hiking uses up calories that sitting at home would preserve. The use of calories is the use of food, which means more CO2 in the atmosphere – an ugly externality. Caloric use should be strictly regulated. All walking should include a per/step tax.

      Stay in your home, and read a good book. Read during daylight hours so as not to use up energy to light your house in the evening. The evening can be spent with entertainments that do not require extensive energy use. Play twenty questions. Engage in mock debate about appropriate regulations to better improve the health and minds of European citizens.

      I can keep going. A properly-ecologically minded individual can do a lot locally to create global impact. Sadly, most don’t. The government should stepin and regulate your daily life. It will make you a more moral person. This can be done with the light touch of extensive taxation, or , where needed with the heavy hand of punitive sanction.

  64. avatar
    Radostina Goroshevich

    It should. Healthcare and environmental protection cost more, because we try to keep the prices for this type of food low. In the big picture, we pay more.

  65. avatar
    Oleh Sniezko

    My suggestion is that Europe settle on the most ecologically sound staples that suffice to provide a person with all the nutrients he or she might need in a diet. Frankly a single daily meal plan should be devisable using sound scientific principles. Such a meal plan would maximize nutrients while minimizing inefficient variance from norm. There really is no reason to vary the plan. There is no reason for desert.

    A meal on day one should be identical to a meal on day two. I should add that the caloric content of the meal should be strictly regulated. Evidence shows that under-nutrition extends life by slowing down metabolism. The caloric intake should be slightly below “optimum”. A healthy society is a hungry society.

    It frustrates me that Europeans are permitted to, and even encouraged to travel. Travel is wasteful of resources, and damages the environment. The most enviornmentally sound approach to living involves staying in the house. Even hiking uses up calories that sitting at home would preserve. The use of calories is the use of food, which means more CO2 in the atmosphere – an ugly externality. Caloric use should be strictly regulated. All walking should include a per/step tax.

    Stay in your home, and read a good book. Read during daylight hours so as not to use up energy to light your house in the evening. The evening can be spent with entertainments that do not require extensive energy use. Play twenty questions. Engage in mock debate about appropriate regulations to better improve the health and minds of European citizens.

    I can keep going. A properly-ecologically minded individual can do a lot locally to create global impact. Sadly, most don’t. The government should stepin and regulate your daily life. It will make you a more moral person. This can be done with the light touch of extensive taxation, or , where needed with the heavy hand of punitive sanction.

  66. avatar
    David

    Guys stop this s*** people eat what they want. How about banning the production guns and militar equipment. More interesting I think.

  67. avatar
    Νίκος

    No. Healthy food should be cheaper.

  68. avatar
    Olivier

    Yes. We should tax food coming from outside Europe which does nor cope to health and environmental rules. But Eu does wrong with mercosur agreement

  69. avatar
    John-romi

    People don’t eat unhealty food beacuase they want too. They eat it beacuase it is fast served and can afford it.Give them proper pay so they can afford to feed their fsmily. Unlees you make caviar and lobster 99 cents.

  70. avatar
    Ana

    Maybe healthy food could cost less? ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

  71. avatar
    Satsuma

    Will your chicken and beef get more expensive after Brexit? After all, importing it from the USA will certainly make it more unhealthy.

Your email will not be published

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published.

Notify me of new comments. You can also subscribe without commenting.

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

More debate series – Food for Thought View all

By continuing to use this website, you consent to the use of cookies on your device as described in our Privacy Policy unless you have disabled them. You can change your cookie settings at any time but parts of our site will not function correctly without them.